I. GRAMMAR: COMPARISON
1. So sánh bằng (equality comparison)
Eg: He is as tall as his father.
His job is not so difficult as mine.
Eg: Mary doesn’t write her lessons as badly as she did last year.
Last year , Mary didn’t write her lessons as carefully as she does.
Note: S +be/V+the same +(noun) + as +S.
Eg: My house is as high as his.ð My house is the same height as his.
Eg: He isn’t as old as I am ð He isn’t the same age as I
2. So sánh hơn ( superiority comparison )
a. Đối với tính từ và trạng từ một âm tiết
Eg: Today it is hotter than it was yesterday.
He works harder than he did last year.
Does your mother type faster than your father ?
Note : Những tính từ hai âm tiết mà tận cùng có các đuôi sau đây thì ta so sánh như tính từ một âm tiết
y
ow
er
et
Eg : We are happier than he (is) .
Eg : Our class is much noisier than theirs
Eg : Tran Hung Dao street is narrower than Tran Phu street .
Eg : He is cleverer than his sister .
Eg : Countryside is quieter than cities.
a. Đối với tính từ và trạng từ từ hai âm tiết trở lên
Eg : She is more careful than her mother (is) .
Eg : Are you more tired than I am ?
Eg : He sings more beautifully than other competitors .
3.So sánh nhất ( superlative comparison ):
a. Đối với tính từ và trạng từ ngắn vần
Eg : This street is the longest in our city .
Eg : She works the hardest in her company .
Eg : July is usually the hottest month in a year .
a. Đối với tính từ và trạng từ dài vần
Eg : Miss Venezuela is the most beautiful in the Miss world contest .
Eg : He is the most careless driver that I have ever met .
Eg : He did this work the most successfully .
Eg: Mai is the tallest boy in the family.
Mary is the most beautiful of the three sisters /of all.
Note : Những tính từ và trạng từ bất quy tắc khi so sánh hơn và so sánh nhất .
good / well better the best
bad / badly worse the worst
many / much more the most
far farther the farthest
furhter the furthest
little less the least
Eg : Children in big cities learn English better than the ones in countryside .
Eg : He is the worst player in his team .
Eg : I have more English books than yours
4. So sánh kép ( double comparison )
The + comparative + S + V , the + comparative + S + V ( càng……. Càng )
Eg : The more you learn , the better you are .
Eg : The longer the journey is , the more tired we feel .
Eg : The better you play , the more money you will receive .
Eg : It is colder and colder when the winter comes near .
Eg : She speaks English more and more fluently .
Eg : He plays football worse and worse .
Eg : His disease becomes more and more serious .
Eg : We are older and older when the time goes by .
5. So sánh kém :
a. So sánh kém hơn :
S1 + V + LESS ADJ + THAN + S2
Eg : She is less intelligent than her sister .
Eg : Miss Viet Nam is less beautiful than Miss Russia .
b. So sánh kém nhất:
S + V + THE LEAST ADJ (N)
Eg : She is the least beautiful of all in her family .
Eg : Of all the musicians , I think he is the least creative .
6. Một số dạng so sánh đặc biệt:
ADJ
+ AS + S +
BE
, S + …
ADV V
Eg : strong as he is , he can’t carry this table . Khỏe như anh ấy mà cũng không thể bê nổi cái bàn này .
Eg : Rich as he is , he can’t buy this house . Giàu như ông ấy mà cũng không thể mua nổi cái nhà này .
Eg : Well as she sang , she couldn’t win the first prize .
S1 +
be
+ twice/three chúng tôi +
adj
+ as + S2
Eg: the price of petrol now is twice as much as it was last year.
He is 60 years old. His wife is 20 years old. He is three times as old as his wife.
Ex 1: Put the words in brackets in the correct form:
Ex 2: Choose the correct answer:
A. young B. the youngest C. younger D. more young
A. hot B. the hottest C. hotter D. hottest
A. the strongest B. stronger C. strong D. the most strong
A. the most beautiful B. more beautiful C. beautifulest D. beautiful
A. the longest B. more long C. longer D. long
A. busier B. busy C. the busiest D. most busy
A. short B. the shortest C. shorter D. most short
A. the rich B. richer C. rich D. the richest
A. good B. better C. goodest D. the best
A. hardworking B. the most hardworking C. more hardworking D. hardworkinger
A. popular B. the most popular C. more popular D. populariest
A. the funniest B. more funny C. funnier D. funny
A. the cleverest B. clever C. cleverer D. more clever
A. the most difficult B. difficulter C. difficult D. more difficult
A. exciting B. more exciting C. excited D. the most exciting
A. the cheapest B. cheaper C. more cheaper D. most cheapest
A. fastest B. fast C. faster D. more fastest
A. crowded B. the most crowded C. more crowded D. crowder
A. the biggest B. big C. bigger D. biggest
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